pathogenic microorganisms

Pathogenic microorganisms are tiny living organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, that can cause disease in humans, animals, or plants. They invade the body, multiply, and disrupt normal functions, leading to illnesses like infections, fevers, or more serious conditions. Not all microorganisms are harmful; many are harmless or beneficial. Pathogens typically spread through contact, contaminated surfaces, food, water, or vectors like insects. Understanding these microorganisms helps in preventing or controlling infections through hygiene, vaccines, medication, and proper sanitation practices.