P5+1 (China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, United States, Germany)

The P5+1 refers to the group of six countries—China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Germany—that negotiated with Iran to limit its nuclear program. The goal was to prevent Iran from developing nuclear weapons while allowing peaceful civilian nuclear activities. These countries worked together to create agreements specifying Iran's nuclear restrictions and monitoring, in exchange for sanctions relief. The process aimed to ensure regional and global security by preventing nuclear proliferation through diplomacy and verification rather than conflict.