Null Hypothesis (NH)

The Null Hypothesis (NH) is a default assumption in statistical testing that suggests there is no real effect or difference between groups or variables. It serves as a starting point to determine whether observed data is due to chance or indicates a genuine effect. For example, if testing a new drug, the NH might state that the drug has no effect on patients. Researchers then analyze the data to see if they have enough evidence to reject this null assumption, supporting the idea that the drug does have a real impact.