nucleosome remodeling

Nucleosome remodeling is the process by which cellular machinery alters the positioning or structure of nucleosomes—units of DNA wrapped around proteins called histones. This remodeling makes certain regions of DNA more or less accessible, enabling crucial functions like gene expression, DNA repair, and replication. Specialized proteins, called remodelers, use energy from ATP to slide, eject, or restructure nucleosomes, effectively controlling which genes are active or silent. This dynamic regulation is essential for proper cell function and adaptation to changing conditions.