NPM-ALK

NPM-ALK is a fusion protein formed when parts of two genes, NPM and ALK, combine abnormally. This event often occurs in certain cancers, like anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. The NPM gene helps regulate cell growth, and the ALK gene produces a kinase enzyme that signals cells to grow and divide. When fused, NPM-ALK acts as a constantly active signal, encouraging uncontrolled cell proliferation. Recognizing NPM-ALK helps doctors diagnose specific cancer subtypes and can guide targeted treatments that block this abnormal protein’s activity, improving patient outcomes.