NPI (non-pharmaceutical intervention)

Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) are actions taken to prevent or slow the spread of infectious diseases without using medications or vaccines. Examples include practices like social distancing, wearing masks, hand hygiene, quarantine, and avoiding large gatherings. These measures help reduce transmission, protect vulnerable populations, and control outbreaks, especially when medical treatments or vaccines are not yet available. NPIs are crucial tools in managing public health crises and minimizing the impact of contagious illnesses on communities.