Non-overlapping Magisteria

Non-overlapping Magisteria (NOMA) is a concept proposed by scientist Stephen Jay Gould, suggesting that science and religion are distinct domains of understanding. Science addresses questions about the natural world—how things work—using empirical evidence and testable theories. Religion, on the other hand, deals with moral values, purpose, and meaning—questions of belief and spirituality. According to NOMA, these areas do not conflict because they focus on different aspects of human experience and use different methods. This approach encourages mutual respect and allows both science and religion to coexist without encroaching on each other's territory.