non-communicable disease (NCD)

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are medical conditions that are not caused by infectious agents and cannot be spread from person to person. They include chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and respiratory diseases. NCDs often result from lifestyle factors like poor diet, lack of exercise, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption, along with genetic predispositions. Because these diseases progress over time and can lead to serious health issues, managing risk factors through healthy living is essential for prevention and control.