NF-kB

NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) is a protein complex that functions as a key regulator of immune response, inflammation, and cell survival. It acts as a transcription factor, meaning it helps turn on specific genes when the body detects stress, infection, or damage. NF-κB remains inactive in the cell’s cytoplasm until triggered, at which point it moves to the nucleus to activate genes involved in fighting pathogens and managing inflammation. Proper regulation of NF-κB is essential; dysregulation can contribute to chronic inflammation and diseases like cancer.