Neumann problem

The Neumann problem is a type of mathematical question in partial differential equations, where we seek a function (like a temperature distribution) inside a region such that its rate of change across boundaries (derivative) matches specified values. Imagine measuring the heat flow across the boundary of a object and wanting to find the internal temperature distribution that corresponds to this boundary flow. It's used in physics and engineering to model scenarios where boundary conditions specify fluxes or gradients rather than the function's actual values.