naval warfare history

Naval warfare has evolved from ancient times, with ships primarily used for trade protection and territorial control. Early battles relied on boarding and close combat, but as technology advanced, ships became faster and more equipped with artillery. The age of sail dominated through the 17th to 19th centuries, with navies competing for empire expansion. The 20th century introduced steel ships, submarines, and aircraft carriers, transforming naval strategies into complex systems of power projection and deterrence. Today, naval warfare emphasizes missile technology, stealth, and cyber aspects, focusing on protecting global trade routes and maintaining national security in an interconnected world.