Native American sovereignty

Native American sovereignty refers to the inherent authority of Native tribes to govern themselves, make their own laws, and manage their affairs independently within the United States. Although they are U.S. citizens and subject to federal and state laws, tribes retain a degree of self-governance recognized through treaties, laws, and agreements. This sovereignty allows tribes to operate their governments, enforce laws, and oversee economic activities on their lands, while often collaborating with federal programs. It balances the tribes' distinct cultural identity and governance with their relationship to the U.S. government, emphasizing respect for their historical sovereignty and ongoing self-determination.