Nationalist China

Nationalist China, also known as the Republic of China (ROC), was the government led by the Kuomintang (KMT) party, established in 1912 after the fall of the Qing Dynasty. It aimed to modernize China, promote national unity, and resist foreign influence. The Nationalists fought civil wars against warlords and communists, leading to a prolonged struggle for control. In 1949, after losing the Chinese Civil War to the Communists, they retreated to Taiwan, where the ROC government continued to exist. Today, "Nationalist China" generally refers to Taiwan, which operates as a separate, democratic government while claiming to represent all of China.