Mixed-member proportional representation

Mixed-member proportional representation (MMP) is an electoral system that combines two methods: voters select a candidate from their local district (constituency) and also vote for a political party. The candidate votes determine local representatives, while the party votes help ensure overall parliamentary seats reflect each party’s share of the total votes. If a party’s local candidates win fewer seats than its overall vote share, additional seats are allocated from a ranked list to balance representation proportionally. This system aims to combine local representation with a fair reflection of voter preferences across the entire electorate.