Middle Stone Age

The Middle Stone Age (MSA) is a period in human prehistory, roughly from 300,000 to 30,000 years ago, marked by important advancements in stone tool technology and early human behavior. During this time, humans developed more sophisticated tools, controlled fire, and began expressing complex behaviors like symbolic art and social organization. It represents a key phase between the earlier African Oldowan tools and the later Upper Paleolithic innovations. The MSA is significant because it reflects the cognitive and cultural evolution of early Homo sapiens and other human ancestors, setting the stage for modern human development.