Microbial contamination

Microbial contamination occurs when harmful microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, or fungi are present on surfaces, foods, or in water, potentially causing illness. These microbes can come from contaminated environments, improper handling, or inadequate sanitation. Not all microbes cause disease; some are harmless or beneficial. Contamination can lead to food spoilage, infections, or illnesses if the microbes are pathogenic. To prevent this, proper hygiene, sanitation, and food safety practices are essential in controlling microbial contamination and ensuring health and safety.