Mediastinum

The mediastinum is the space in the chest located between the lungs that contains vital structures such as the heart, major blood vessels (like the aorta and vena cava), the trachea (windpipe), esophagus, and thymus gland. It acts as a central compartment that supports and protects these critical organs, enabling their proper function. The mediastinum is divided into upper and lower parts, with each containing specific structures. Its proper positioning and health are essential for breathing, blood flow, and overall cardiovascular and respiratory function.