Lyell's Principles of Geology

Charles Lyell's "Principles of Geology" argues that the Earth’s features are shaped by the same natural processes we observe today, such as erosion, sedimentation, and volcanic activity. This concept, known as uniformitarianism, suggests that understanding modern geological processes helps us interpret the Earth's past. Lyell emphasized that small, gradual changes over long periods can create significant geological formations, challenging the then-prevailing belief in catastrophic events. His work laid the groundwork for modern geology and influenced Charles Darwin in formulating his theory of evolution, reinforcing the idea that change is constant and gradual throughout Earth's history.