LPS (Lipopolysaccharide)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a component found on the outer membrane of certain bacteria, particularly Gram-negative bacteria. It acts like a molecular signature signaling the presence of these bacteria, triggering the immune system to respond. LPS plays a role in protecting bacteria from their environment but can also cause strong immune reactions in humans, sometimes leading to inflammation or sepsis if it enters the bloodstream. Understanding LPS is important in studying infections and designing treatments for bacterial diseases.