Linear Function Theory

Linear function theory studies relationships where one variable depends on another in a straight-line manner. Mathematically, it's expressed as \( y = mx + b \), where \( y \) is the output, \( x \) is the input, \( m \) is the slope indicating the rate of change, and \( b \) is the y-intercept, the starting point. This theory helps us understand and predict how changes in one quantity affect another, especially when the relationship is consistent and proportional. It's fundamental in fields like economics, engineering, and science for modeling simple, directly related systems.