Limiting Nutrients Theory

The Limiting Nutrients Theory states that in an ecosystem, plant growth is limited by the nutrient in the shortest supply relative to the plant’s needs. Even if other nutrients are abundant, growth cannot increase until this limiting nutrient is added or becomes available. For example, in aquatic systems, nitrogen or phosphorus often limit algae growth. When these nutrients are available in sufficient amounts, algae and plants can grow rapidly; when they are scarce, growth slows or stops. This concept helps us understand how nutrient levels influence ecosystem productivity and health.