Ligand

A ligand is a molecule that binds to a specific site on a larger molecule, typically a protein or enzyme. This binding occurs through specific interactions, often involving electrical attractions or chemical bonds. Ligands can include a variety of substances such as hormones, drugs, or ions, which influence the function of the target molecule. The interaction between a ligand and its target is crucial in biological processes, enabling signals to be transmitted, enzymes to be activated, or responses to external stimuli to be regulated. Essentially, ligands act as keys that fit into specific locks on molecules, triggering specific actions.