Lichen

Lichens are unique organisms formed through a partnership between fungi and algae (or sometimes bacteria). The fungus provides a protective structure and absorbs nutrients, while the algae conducts photosynthesis to produce food for both. This symbiotic relationship allows lichens to live in many harsh environments, such as rocky surfaces, soil, and even tree bark. They often appear as colorful, crusty, leafy, or gypsum-like growths. Lichens play important ecological roles, including soil formation, as indicators of air quality, and supporting various wildlife, making them vital components of many ecosystems.