Latrodectus (genus)

Latrodectus is a genus of spiders commonly known as widow spiders, recognized for their distinctive, shiny black bodies and characteristic red or orange markings. These spiders are known for their potent neurotoxic venom, which can cause pain, muscle cramps, and other symptoms in humans, though medically significant bites are rare. Widows usually bite in self-defense when threatened and often inhabit secluded areas like sheds or woodpiles. Despite their fearsome reputation, they generally pose little danger if left undisturbed, and their presence helps control insect populations. Their scientific interest lies in their venom, which has potential medical applications.