Langton's Ant

Langton's Ant is a two-dimensional Turing machine, representing a simple model of an agent that follows basic rules on a grid. The "ant" moves in four directions based on the color of the square it stands on: it turns 90 degrees, flips the color of the square, and moves forward. Initially, this leads to chaotic behavior, but after a series of random movements, the ant eventually constructs a repetitive pattern known as a "highway." This phenomenon illustrates how complex structures and behaviors can emerge from simple rules, highlighting concepts in mathematics, computer science, and systems theory.