Lambertian surface

A Lambertian surface is an idealized material that reflects light equally in all directions, regardless of the viewer's position. When light hits such a surface, it scatters uniformly, creating a consistent appearance from different angles. This type of reflectance makes the surface appear matte and non-glossy, with brightness that depends only on the angle of illumination, not the viewing angle. Lambertian surfaces are useful in computer graphics and optical studies because they provide a simplified model for how real-world matte objects behave when illuminated.