King Carlos I of Portugal

King Carlos I of Portugal reigned from 1889 until his assassination in 1908. He was known for his efforts to modernize Portugal and maintain its independence amid colonial conflicts. His reign faced political instability, widespread dissatisfaction with monarchy, and economic challenges. King Carlos I was deeply involved in diplomatic affairs, especially with Britain and France, and sought to strengthen Portugal's global position. His reign ended tragically when he and his heir, Prince Luís Filipe, were assassinated in Lisbon, leading to significant political upheaval and the eventual abolition of the Portuguese monarchy in 1910.