KATP channels

KATP channels are specialized proteins found in cell membranes that help regulate cell function by controlling the flow of potassium ions. They act as sensors of the cell's energy status, opening or closing based on levels of ATP (cell’s energy molecule). When energy is low, the channels open, allowing potassium to exit, which can help protect cells during stress by stabilizing electrical activity. Conversely, with abundant energy, the channels stay closed. KATP channels are important in many tissues, including the heart, pancreas, and brain, playing key roles in processes like insulin release and protecting cells during metabolic stress.