Karyotyping

Karyotyping is a laboratory procedure that analyzes a person’s chromosomes—the structures in our cells that contain DNA. During this process, scientists photograph and arrange the chromosomes in a standard format to examine their number, size, and shape. This helps identify genetic conditions caused by abnormalities, such as extra or missing chromosomes, mutations, or structural rearrangements. Karyotyping is commonly used in prenatal testing, cancer diagnosis, and infertility assessments to gain insights into genetic health and diagnose potential issues affecting development or health.