Kariz (alternative term)

A Kariz, also known as a qanat, is an ancient underground water management system used to transport groundwater from aquifers to surface locations for irrigation and drinking. It consists of a gently sloping tunnel, often kilometer-long, with vertical wells for access and maintenance. This method prevents water loss from evaporation and keeps the water cool. Originally developed in arid regions like Persia, karizes enable sustainable water use in dry climates by utilizing gravity-driven flow, supporting agriculture and settlements without the need for pumps or surface canals.