Kanem-Bornu Empire

The Kanem-Bornu Empire was a powerful and influential state in Central Africa, existing from around the 9th century to the 19th century. It was centered around Lake Chad and played a vital role in regional trade, culture, and Islamization. The empire was initially established by the Kanem people and later expanded under the Bornu kingdom, becoming a major political and economic force. Known for its military strength, sophisticated administration, and vibrant trading networks, it contributed significantly to West African history until its decline in the late 1800s due to internal conflicts and external pressures.