JVM Languages (e.g., Kotlin, Groovy, Scala)

JVM languages, like Kotlin, Groovy, and Scala, are programming languages that run on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). The JVM is a platform that executes code consistently across different computers, similar to how a universal translator works. These languages are designed to work with the vast ecosystem of Java libraries and tools, enabling developers to write code that’s often more expressive, concise, or suited to specific tasks while utilizing the reliability and performance of the JVM. They provide alternative ways to develop applications without leaving the Java environment, offering flexibility and modern features.