Josephinism

Josephinism was a set of reforms implemented by Emperor Joseph II of Austria in the late 18th century, aiming to modernize and control the Catholic Church within his empire. He sought to reduce the Pope’s authority, promote state oversight of church affairs, limit religious privileges, and encourage state-sponsored education and secularization. These measures aimed to strengthen the power of the state and create a more rational and uniform society, often at the expense of traditional church influence, leading to significant tensions between religious authorities and the government.