Job Demands-Resources Theory

Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) Theory suggests that work environments impact well-being through two main factors: demands and resources. Demands are aspects that require effort and can cause stress, like heavy workload or tight deadlines. Resources are supports that help achieve goals and reduce stress, such as supportive colleagues, feedback, or autonomy. When demands are high and resources are low, employees may experience burnout. Conversely, sufficient resources can buffer stress and promote engagement and job satisfaction. The theory helps organizations balance demands and resources to foster a healthier, more productive workforce.