James Reason (psychologist)

James Reason is a psychologist renowned for his work on understanding how accidents and errors happen in complex systems. He developed the "Swiss Cheese Model," which illustrates how multiple layers of safety defenses can be breached by a series of failures, leading to incidents. His work emphasizes that errors are often systemic rather than solely individual failings, highlighting the importance of organizational practices, safety protocols, and human factors in preventing accidents across industries like healthcare, aviation, and engineering. Reason's insights help organizations design safer systems by addressing vulnerabilities at multiple levels.