IVC (Indus Valley Civilization) Urban Centers

The Indus Valley Civilization (IVC), one of the world's earliest urban societies, thrived around 2500 BCE in present-day Pakistan and northwest India. Its major urban centers, like Harappa and Mohenjo-daro, featured sophisticated town planning with grid-like streets, advanced drainage systems, and impressive brick buildings. These cities showcased a high level of organization, indicating strong governance and social structure. The IVC's urban centers were vibrant hubs of trade, craft production, and cultural activity, reflecting a complex society capable of large-scale construction and civic management. Their well-planned layout and infrastructure highlight the civilization’s advanced engineering and societal organization.