Iran's political history

Iran's political history includes a constitutional monarchy under the Qajar and later Pahlavi dynasties, with modernization efforts and growing nationalist movements. In 1979, the Iranian Revolution overthrew Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, establishing the Islamic Republic led by Ayatollah Khomeini. The new government combined democratic elements with strict religious rule, resulting in a theocratic system. Since then, Iran's politics have been shaped by tensions between reformist and conservative factions, navigating issues like regional influence, economic sanctions, and social reforms, all within a framework rooted in Islamic principles and evolving political dynamics.