iodine allotropes

Iodine allotropes are different forms of the element iodine, which exist due to variations in how iodine atoms bond and arrange themselves. The most common allotrope is solid iodine crystals, characterized by I₂ molecules. When heated, iodine can transform into a violet vapor or form polyatomic structures like I₃⁻ ions in solutions. These allotropes differ in stability and appearance but share the same element. The variations result from differences in atomic arrangement and bonding, which influence properties like color, phase, and reactivity.