Indus Valley Civilisation

The Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) was an ancient culture that flourished around 2500 to 1900 BCE in what is now Pakistan and northwest India. Known for its advanced urban planning, the IVC featured well-constructed cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, with sophisticated drainage systems and standardized weight measures. The people engaged in agriculture, trade, and handicrafts. Despite their achievements, the reasons for the civilization’s decline remain unclear, but factors like climate change and invaders may have played a role. The IVC is significant for its contributions to early urban development and culture in South Asia.