Indus Valley Agriculture

Indus Valley agriculture, emerging around 2500 BCE, was pivotal in the development of one of the world's earliest urban centers, located in present-day Pakistan and northwest India. Farmers cultivated wheat, barley, and pulses, relying on the fertile soil of the Indus River and its tributaries for irrigation. They developed sophisticated techniques, including crop rotation and possibly early forms of farming tools. This agricultural success supported large populations and led to the establishment of thriving cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, showcasing advanced planning and organization in society. The agricultural system was essential for trade, economy, and cultural development in the region.