Ice Wedges

Ice wedges are natural cracks that form in permafrost regions when the ground repeatedly thaws and refreezes. During cold periods, the surface contracts and cracks form; when temperatures rise, water fills these cracks and freezes, expanding and creating a solid ice wall within the ground. Over many years, these wedges grow downward and can alter the landscape, creating polygons and patterned ground. They are important indicators of climate and permafrost stability, especially in Arctic and sub-Arctic environments, influencing ecosystems and landscape processes.