Hyskos

The Hyksos were a group of people, likely of mixed Semitic origins, who invaded and ruled parts of Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period (around 1650-1550 BCE). They introduced new technologies, like horse-drawn chariots and advanced weaponry, which significantly impacted Egyptian warfare. The Hyksos established a capital at Avaris and ruled as pharaohs, blending their culture with that of Egypt. Their reign ended when native Egyptian rulers, particularly from the Theban dynasty, expelled them, leading to the reunification of Egypt under the New Kingdom. The term "Hyksos" essentially means "foreign ruler" in Egyptian.