hopping rate

Hopping rate refers to how frequently a particle, such as an electron, atom, or molecule, moves from one position to another within a material or space. It reflects the speed at which these particles transfer between adjacent locations, influenced by factors like energy barriers, temperature, and the environment. In materials science, understanding hopping rate helps explain processes like electrical conduction, diffusion, and chemical reactions. Essentially, it measures how quickly particles can "jump" or relocate, impacting the overall behavior and properties of the system.