HLW (High-Level Waste)

High-Level Waste (HLW) refers to the highly radioactive byproducts produced from nuclear reactors or the reprocessing of nuclear fuel. This waste generates significant heat and radiation and requires careful handling and storage. HLW can remain hazardous for thousands of years, necessitating secure containment in specially designed facilities. The challenge with HLW is ensuring its safety and preventing environmental contamination for the long term, as well as finding effective disposal methods. Overall, HLW management is a critical aspect of nuclear energy and its environmental impact.