History of Higher Education

The history of higher education traces back to ancient civilizations, with institutions like Plato’s Academy and Aristotle’s Lyceum in Greece. In the Middle Ages, universities emerged in Europe, such as the University of Bologna and the University of Paris, focusing on theology, law, and medicine. The Renaissance revived interest in classical learning. The Enlightenment expanded curricula to include sciences and philosophy. Over time, higher education became more accessible, evolving through industrialization and globalization. Today, it encompasses a diverse array of disciplines and institutions worldwide, emphasizing critical thinking, research, and professional preparation for global citizenship.