histogram of oriented gradients

Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) is a feature descriptor used in computer vision to identify objects within images. It works by analyzing the gradients—or changes in brightness—of different regions in an image. The image is divided into small sections, and for each section, HOG calculates the direction and strength of these gradients. These calculations are then organized into a histogram that highlights the predominant orientations of the edges in the areas scanned. This method effectively captures the shape and structure of objects, making it useful for tasks like face detection and pedestrian recognition in automated systems.