Hindu-Arabic Numerals

Hindu-Arabic numerals are the familiar digits 0 through 9 used worldwide for counting and calculation. Originating in India, they were later transmitted to the Islamic world and then to Europe, transforming mathematics by enabling efficient computation and place value system. Their significance lies in the use of the digit zero, which allows representing any number through a combination of these digits based on their position. This system is fundamental to modern mathematics, science, and commerce, providing a universal language for numerical information and making complex calculations manageable and accessible.