Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the lower rectum or anus, similar to varicose veins. They can cause discomfort, itching, and bleeding, especially during bowel movements. Hemorrhoids are classified as either internal, which are inside the rectum, or external, which are under the skin around the anus. Common causes include straining during bowel movements, prolonged sitting, pregnancy, and chronic constipation or diarrhea. Treatment often includes lifestyle changes, over-the-counter remedies, and in some cases, medical procedures. Maintaining a high-fiber diet and staying hydrated can help prevent them.