Heartland Theory

The Heartland Theory, proposed by geographer Halford Mackinder in 1904, suggests that the central region of Eurasia (the "Heartland") is crucial for global power. Mackinder argued that whoever controls this area, which includes parts of Eastern Europe and Central Asia, can dominate the world due to its resources and strategic position. The theory emphasizes the importance of land power over sea power in geopolitical strategy, suggesting that controlling the Heartland would allow a state to project its influence globally, thus shaping international relations and conflicts. It remains relevant in discussions about contemporary geopolitics and territorial security.