Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction

Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) occurs when the heart's ability to pump blood effectively is diminished. The ejection fraction, which measures the percentage of blood pumped out with each heartbeat, falls below normal levels (typically below 40%). This means the heart can't supply enough oxygen-rich blood to meet the body's needs, leading to symptoms like fatigue, shortness of breath, and fluid buildup. It often results from damage to the heart muscle, such as from a heart attack or long-standing high blood pressure. Managing HFrEF involves medications, lifestyle changes, and sometimes devices or surgery to improve heart function.